In-Text Citations are short notes in the text which direct the reader to the source of your information which you have documented on your Works Cited or Reference page at the end of your paper. The text in the In-Text Citation will begin with the first piece if information in the citation such as the author's last name, the title of the source, or the name of an organization. The In-Text Citation can be in the line of text or in parenthesis.
Narrative Citation
The report by Organization (2021) documents advancements in the field.
Parenthetical Citation
Advancements have been made in the field (Organization, 2021).
If a specific part of the work is cited, your citations should include a second piece of information to lead your reader to that specific part such as a page number or video timestamp.
Narrative Citation
The specific item in the report by Organization (2021, p.102) documents specific advancements in the field.
Parenthetical Citation
Specific advancements have been made in the field (Organization, 2021, p. 102).
If a source has two authors, put an ampersand (&) in-between the names:
Parenthetical Citation
Advancements have been made in the field (Johnson & Smith, 2021).
References
Johnson, Bill & Smith, Howard. (2021, January). Advancements In the Field. Field Reports, 1(1), 101-120.
The only exception is if you use a narrative citation, where and would be used instead.
Narrative Citation
Johnson and Smith (2021) have made great advancements in the field.
If a source has three or more authors, put et al. at the end of the first author's last name.
Parenthetical Citation
Advancements have been made in the field (Johnson et al., 2021).
Narrative Citation
Johnson et al. (2021) have made great advancements in the field.
Do not use et al. with References. Make sure to write out each author's name, but put the ampersand before the last author.
References
Johnson, B., Smith, H., & Kane, Thomas. (2021, January). Advancements In the Field. Field
Reports, 1(1), 101-120.
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